Life cycle thinking, as defined by the united nations life cycle initiative, is a way of thinking that includes the economic, environmental, and social consequences of a. Analysis of nokias decline from marketing perspective. Understanding the life cycle of a product can help you make environmental choices about the products you use, and how you dispose of them. Mobile phone data for informing public health actions. Life cycle assessment lca is a very popular analysis for reporting potential environmental loads and resources consumed in each step of a product or service supply chain. More specifically, the evaluation places a high value on studies where detailed processspecific data are presented. A case study of repurposing was conducted by creating a smartphone app that replicates the functionality of an incar parking meter. The epa recognizes 6 six major components in the life cycle of a cell phone. Although its use is mainly associated with the estimation of the environmental impact of products, some studies have also used a lca for cities. This includes testing and tracing, bans on large gatherings, nonessential business. Cell phone recycling materiality assessment topics. Understanding the life cycle of a smart phone can help you make environmentally smart choices about your phoneand what to do with it when you want a new one.
Recycling mobile phone impact on life cycle assessment. Although the cell phone has shrunk in size, there is an amazing amount of materials and technology embedded it. Mobile phone data for informing public health actions across. The product life cycle of a smartphone is not just about physical attributes. Also included in the life cycle analysis is what happens to the cell phone after the. A full life cycle assessment covers several impact categories such as potential for global warming, acidification and toxicity, using a cradletograve perspective including everything from acquisition of raw material, production, assembly, distribution, transports, use and endoflife treatment. Comparative life cycle assessment of smartphone reuse.
A full life cycle assessment covers several impact categories such as potential for global warming, acidification and toxicity, using a cradletograve perspective including everything from acquisition of raw material, production, assembly, distribution, transports, use and endof life treatment. A study on the product life cycle of samsung smartphones in india national seminar on. Life cycle assessment an overview sciencedirect topics. Since then, lca has been used to design environmental policies as well as a very reliable form of environmental decision support tool. Pd in cell phone steel average per kg material processed 0. A guide to life cycle thinking disruptive design medium. Administration commissioned study on the life cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from lithiumion batteries. The wireless phone requests authorization to make a call. A study on the product life cycle of samsung smartphones. Like any product, making a cell phone and its parts uses natural resources and energy, which can potentially impact the air, land, and water. This study uses a life cycle assessment lca methodology in order to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of a smartphone, in particularly the smartphone sony xperiatm t. Key messages to address market and regulatory failures, policy gaps, and incoherence in policies across the life cycle of critical. Materials extraction ell phone is made up of many materials. For instance, in the case of a manufactured product, environmental impacts are assessed from raw material extraction and processing cradle.
Life cycle assessment of highrate anaerobic treatment. The good thing about the phone case is that it can last for a really long time. Life cycle environmental impacts of a smartphone pdf. Hapter 10 national council of educational research and. Understanding the product life cycle of a smartphone.
This paper concludes that the cell phones contain hazardous material, harmful to environment according to epa. Life cycle assessment data for computer products, mobile phones and mixed. An environmental life cycle assessment lca approach was used to conduct an analysis of the iphone product life cycle. A lifecycle assessment approach, doctoral dissertation in civil. This paper concludes that the cellphones contain hazardous material, harmful to environment according to epa. Also included in the life cycle analysis is what happens to the cell phone after the user is finished with it. The aim of this paper is to investigate possible simplifications in lca of a mobile phone and to use the results to discuss the possibilities of lca simplifications for ict products in a. Insights into the basic regulators of cellcycle progression in c. The viability of mobile phone manufacturer is taken into consideration while making recommendation.
Storefront catalog defense information systems agency. Jan 29, 2018 mobile phones look to have the classic product life cycle of introduction, growth and maturity. This book is designed to be used in both introductory and advanced. Cell phone life cycle the environmental literacy council. The continuous demand for cellular phones throughout the years, along with the. The content herein is a representation of the most standard description of servicessupport available from disa, and is subject to change as defined in the terms and conditions.
This includes extraction of materials, processing, and manufacture of the final product. During the life cycle impact assessment, the importance of possible environmental impacts based of the life cycle flow results are evaluated. Lca is environmental assessment tool standardized by. Pdf on jan 1, 2016, mine ercan and others published life cycle assessment of a smartphone find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The case of mobile phones article pdf available in ieee transactions on engineering management 512.
Mar 04, 20 information and communications technology ict contributes substantially to global greenhouse gas ghg pollutant emissions, but it is timeconsuming to estimate the environmental impacts caused by the production of ict devices, and the literature lacks coverage for newer products. Information and communications technology ict contributes substantially to global greenhouse gas ghg pollutant emissions, but it is timeconsuming to estimate the environmental impacts caused by the production of ict devices, and the literature lacks coverage for newer products. I remember at this time that a mobile phone was considered to be the preserve of fancy yuppies young upwardly mobile people e. Case study on critical metals in mobile phones 6 executive summary box 1. Lithiumion batteries hazard and use assessment final report. The life cycle assessment is a cradletograve approach of carrying out the evaluation of effects that a product has on the environment over the entire product life. Nonpharmaceutical interventions npis have proven to be critical for delaying and containing the covid19 pandemic 2 6.
Mar 05, 2018 life cycle thinking, as defined by the united nations life cycle initiative, is a way of thinking that includes the economic, environmental, and social consequences of a product or process over. This is not intended to represent the current reality. Lithiumion batteries hazard and use assessment final. International standard organization iso that provides quantitative environmental impact. The versatility of modern smartphones presents an interesting alternative waste management strategy. The coronavirus 20192020 pandemic covid19 poses unprecedented challenges for governments and societies around the world 1. For instance, in the case of a manufactured product, environmental impacts are assessed from raw material.
In this research paper the negative effect of mobile phone from start of life cycle to end of life cycle is critically analyzed. The life cycle of materials in mobile phones page 2 how new phone technology affects the environment in just 30 years, mobile telephony has grown into a major global industry, with an estimated 5 billion users around the world compared with a total world population of just under 7 billion people. Manufacturing plastics and fiberglass are used to make the basic shape of the circuit board, which is then coated with gold plating. This paper assesses the waste produced from the recycling of mobile phones in different. Life cycle assessment of hydrogen production via natural gas. Life cycle assessment or life cycle assessment lca, also known as life cycle analysis is a methodology for assessing environmental impacts associated with all the stages of the life cycle of a commercial product, process, or service. So, when deploying smartphones, enterprise mobility managers should think about not only protecting the device itself, but also whether it will continue to be supported by the. The valuation of towers and associated real property. The paradigm of cellcycle control the collective results from studies in various eukaryotes have demonstrated that progression through the.
The life cycle of a cell phone is examined here figure 1. Ioa becomes a viable tool for lca practitioners when it includes information on average resource use and environmental emissions from each. May 10, 2018 the product life cycle of a smartphone is not just about physical attributes. Apple iphone life cycle analysis by bronwyn shinnick on. Life cycle assessment data for computer products, mobile. By disassembling mobile phone, there are main components 4 parts mobile phone casing, charger casing, charger, battery. Cycle aging is the life lost each time the battery cycles between.
Simplifying a life cycle assessment of a mobile phone springerlink. There has also been industry focus on reducing the phones power consumption during the charging period. Call app blocker can block all the incoming calls that are coming to your phone. In use phone case the phone case would need to be disposed of, because it is made out of hard plastic. Environmental impact evaluation of mobile phone via life. You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page. Modeling of lithiumion battery degradation for cell life assessment article pdf available. You may use pages from this site for informational, noncommercial purposes only. The global warming potential impact for the phone itself varied considerably.
Recyling and end of life of the product is completely unknown. Glass most glass is a mixture of a large amount of silica that comes from fine white sand or pulverized sandstone, combined with smaller amounts of an alkali like soda sodium bicarbonate or potash to lower its melting point, and lime from limestone to help stabilize the. Index termsenergy, life cycle assessment, life cycle energy i. You can help minimize your environmental impact of using a cell phone by. The first step in the study, described in the first paper written by the same authors 3, was to study the effect of mobile phones radiations on the life cycle of honey bees. Life cycle assessment lca of mobile phones international. The secret life of a smart phone reduce, reuse, recycle. Apr 27, 2020 the coronavirus 20192020 pandemic covid19 poses unprecedented challenges for governments and societies around the world 1. This paper investigates the environmental impact of smartphone repurposing as compared to traditional refurbishing using life cycle assessment lca. Comparing embodied greenhouse gas emissions of modern. Waste management for endoflife eol smartphones is a growing problem due to their high turnover rate and concentration of toxic chemicals. Comparing life cycle assessment of liion batteries and.
By comparing the impacts of each individual part, charger. The life cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas. Life cycle assessment data for computer products, mobile phones and mixed waste reference notes socolof et al. A cell phone, like every product, has a life cycle. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Lca is a technique that aims to identify and address the potential environmental impacts of a product throughout its life cycle. This paper investigates the environmental impact of smartphone repurposing as compared to traditional refurbishing using life cycle. A life cycle assessment lca approach was carried out focusing on the endof life eol phase of mobile phone pcbs.
Environmental in and outflows, including resources, emissions to air, water and soil as well as waste treatment and electric energy consumption are quantified for. The antenna site checks the phones mechanical serial number msn and electronic serial number esn to make sure the mobile unit is allowed to use the network. A life cycle assessment lca approach was carried out focusing on the endoflife eol phase of mobile phone pcbs. Life cycle assessment lca of a smartphone including its network usage. The use of life cycle assessment lca to evaluate pavement. The life cycle describes all of the materials and actions that occur to produce and use a cell phone. The product analyzed in this project is a mobile phone.
To determine the environmental impact of the various products a comparing life cycle assessment, lca, is made. The call is delivered by phone line or by radio signal depending on whether the receiver of the phone call is part of the. Electric vehicle life cycle analysis and raw material. Case study on critical metals in mobile phones final report. A long slow period of introduction from 1985 to 1997. A tool to estimate materials and manufacturing energy for a. Yeast for example, can progress through the cell cycle in only. Lifecycle assessment or life cycle assessment lca, also known as lifecycle analysis is a methodology for assessing environmental impacts associated with all the stages of the lifecycle of a commercial product, process, or service. Waste management for endof life eol smartphones is a growing problem due to their high turnover rate and concentration of toxic chemicals. This study uses a life cycle assessment lca methodology in order to evaluate.
Click the image to the right to view a larger size or download a pdf of the infographic below. This paper investigates the environmental impact of smartphone repurposing as compared to. Life cycle inventory of portland cement concrete marceau, nisbet and van geem horvath, a. The international journal of life cycle assessment 2019, 24 11, 19621975. Smartphone life cycles are changing by martin armstrong, mar 2, 2017 smartphones if youve found yourself squeezing that little bit more life out of your smartphone in recent years, youre not. According the mobile internet users behavior research survey in 2012 released by cnnic, 53% of nokias mobile phone users planned to buy smart phone in the future s, of which 43. This includes testing and tracing, bans on large gatherings, nonessential business and school and university closures, international. The cell cycle is the sequence of events or changes that occur between the formation of cell and its division into daughter cells. Life cycle of a cell phone poster epa home page for.
The newly formed cell undergoes growth and proceeds through interphase and divides to form two daughter cells. The incoming call blocking may be a very useful piece on some occasions, the app can allow you block specific numbers preventing them from reaching out to a monitored device. A study on the product life cycle of samsung smartphones in. The weight of the typical cell phone dropped from 10. Pdf life cycle assessment of a smartphone researchgate.
Using a processsum life cycle assessment lca approach, we estimate. Using a processsum life cycle assessment lca approach, we estimate and compare the embodied ghg emissions of. Life cycle assessment of osmotic microbial fuel cells for simultaneous wastewater treatment and resource recovery. Lastly, the interpretation is a, systematic technique to identify, quantify, check, and evaluate information from the results of the life cycle inventory andor the life cycle impact assessment. The lifecycle of a cell involves two distinct phases fig. The possibilities for full life cycle assessment lca of new information and communication technology ict products are often limited, so simplification approaches are needed.
Life cycle of a cell phone cell phones are only used for an average of 18 months before being replacedeven though they can function for much longer. Pdf the effect of cell phone radiations on the life cycle. Pdf the product life cycle theory and product line. In its 2009 publication, guidelines for social life cycle. Iphone 4 is considered to be one of the most energy efficient smart phone these days, but most the information regarding the product life cycle is not completely provided by the manufacturing company. There has also been industry focus on reducing the phone s power consumption during the charging period. A tool to estimate materials and manufacturing energy for. Pdf modeling of lithiumion battery degradation for cell. The aim of this paper is to investigate possible simplifications in lca of a mobile phone and to use the results to discuss the possibilities of lca simplifications for ict products in a broader sense.
Lca is a systematic analytical method that helps identify and evaluate the environmental impacts of a specific process or competing processes. You can help minimize your environ mental impact of using a cell phone by. Introduction while different methodologies have already been created for this purpose such as the wellknown life cycle. You can help minimize your environmental impact of using a cell. Life cycle assessment is a cradletograve or cradletocradle analysis technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a products life, which is from raw material extraction through materials processing, manufacture, distribution, and use. These cells divide once in approximately every 24 hours figure 10. Life cycle of a phone case by sneha kesaraju on prezi. It does not include the use phase of the batteries. Life cycle environmental impacts of a smartphone ericsson. Fission yeast in fission yeast the g 1 and sphases are relatively short each accounting for 10% of the time it takes to complete the cell cycle. The product life cycle theory and product line management. Simplifying a life cycle assessment of a mobile phone. Manufacturing plastics and fiberglass are used to make the basic shape of the circuit board, which is. Wtw studies emphasise the importance of the carbon intensity of the electricity production.
It has a nondividing, growing phase called interphase and dividing phase called mitotic or mphase. Lithiumion batteries hazard and use assessment prepared for fire protection research foundation 1 batterymarch park quincy, ma 021697471 prepared by celina mikolajczak, pe michael kahn, phd kevin white, phd richard thomas long, pe exponent failure analysis associates, inc. Americans dispose of 152 million mobile devices each year. A life cycle assessment is a way to analyze the environmental impact of a product or process, ideally from cradle extraction of materials, etc. Environmental impact evaluation of mobile phone via life cycle. Life cycle of the cell and gametogenesis using this book. However, this duration of cell cycle can vary from organism to organism and also from cell type to cell type.
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